Gene-Drug Co-occurrences

We manually reviewed the relationships between 1) the 50 genes and drugs that appeared together in the most MEDLINE citations, and 2) 50 randomly-chosen genes and drugs that appeared together in a single MEDLINE citation.

We defined a relationship between a gene and drug broadly. We accepted as relationships phenomena including physical interactions (such as metabolism) between the gene and drug, correlations between gene and drug activity, or clinical significance or toxicity associated with gene or drug levels. We annotated three types of relationships:

# Citations is the number of MEDLINE citations in which the gene and drug occurred (in our MEDLINE 2001 database). Relationship is described above. PMID is the PubMed ID that gives evidence of the relationship, if any.

The data is also available in Microsoft Excel format (19Kb download).

Gene Drug # Citations Relationship PMID
Aldehyde dehydrogenase Ethanol 291 Related 11762132
Glutathione S-transferase Glutathione 277 Related 345769
Angiotensin-converting enzyme Insulin 178 Related 2220797
Glucocorticoid receptor Steroids 165 Related 366226
CYP1A1 Ethoxyresorufin 151 Related 6422171
CYP2D6 Quinidine 145 Related 12867484
CYP2D6 Mephenytoin 115 Related 8861658
Angiotensin-converting enzyme Beta blockers 109 Related 191300
Angiotensin-converting enzyme Hydralazine 88 Related 2416221
CYP3A4 Mephenytoin 84 Related 8861658
CYP1A2 Mephenytoin 82 Related 8861658
CYP2C9 Mephenytoin 81 Related 8861658
Angiotensin-converting enzyme Propranolol 78 Related 2531184
MRP Conjugates 76 Not Related
Angiotensin-II receptor Enalapril 75 Related 10076917
Alcohol dehydrogenase Glutathione 73 Related 12631283
Angiotensin-II receptor Captopril 68 Related 10052650
Angiotensin-converting enzyme Calcium channel blockers 65 Related 2487803
CYP1A2 Phenacetin 61 Related 7678502
CYP1A2 Quinidine 60 Related 7895609
CYP2E1 Glutathione 60 Related 9101035
CYP3A4 Dextromethorphan 60 Related 9352574
Angiotensin-converting enzyme Digoxin 58 Related 7503006
CYP1A2 Benzo(a)pyrene 57 Related 8819302
CYP1A2 Dextromethorphan 57 Related 9352574
CYP1A2 Tolbutamide 56 Related 9431831
CYP3A4 Tolbutamide 56 Related 9431831
CYP2D6 Tolbutamide 55 Related 9431831
CYP2E1 Mephenytoin 55 Related 11523064
DT-diaphorase Glutathione 55 Related 2391358
CYP2C9 Quinidine 54 Related 7720520
CYP2D6 Fluvoxamine 54 Related 8846617
CYP2E1 Ethoxyresorufin 53 Related 10383922
CYP2C19 Tolbutamide 51 Related 10411572
CYP2C19 Dextromethorphan 50 Related 10859141
CYP2C9 Dextromethorphan 50 Related 10859141
CYP2D6 Caffeine 50 Related 9867310
Glucocorticoid receptor Insulin 50 Related 12351458
MDR1 Glutathione 50 Related 1348425
CYP2D6 Coumarin 49 Related 10828259
CYP2E1 Coumarin 49 Related 10828259
CYP1A2 Coumarin 47 Related 10828259
CYP3A4 Coumarin 46 Related 10828259
CYP2C19 Quinidine 44 Related 7640150
ALDH2 Ethanol 43 Related 3067025
Catechol-O-methyltransferase Dopamine 42 Related 8190296
CYP3A4 Ethoxyresorufin 42 Related 10725303
CYP1A1 Glutathione 41 Related 12519694
CYP1A2 Glutathione 41 Not Related 11714871
CYP2C19 Fluvoxamine 41 Related 10674711
ALDH2 Glutathione 1 No Evidence
Angiotensin-II receptor Androgens 1 No Evidence
CYP1A1 Fluorouracil 1 No Evidence
CYP1A1 Lidocaine 1 No Evidence
CYP1A1 Lovastatin 1 Not Related 11523064
CYP1A2 Histamine 1 Related 9485522
CYP1A2 Macrolides 1 Related 8119047
CYP1B1 Omeprazole 1 No Evidence
CYP1B1 Phenytoin 1 Related 9493761
CYP2A6 Glucuronide 1 Related 11377097
CYP2A6 Oral contraceptives 1 Not Related 9653923
CYP2A6 Procainamide 1 Related 9352574
CYP2C19 Halothane 1 No Evidence
CYP2C19 Steroids 1 Related 7704034
CYP2C9 Ascorbic acid 1 No Evidence
CYP2C9 Codeine 1 Not Related 9113345
CYP2C9 Flecainide 1 Related 8801060
CYP2D6 Hydralazine 1 No Evidence
CYP2E1 Dopamine 1 Related 9881865
CYP3A5 Aflatoxin 1 Related 10224324
CYP3A7 Phenytoin 1 Related 9493761
Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase Bilirubin 1 Related 10348793
Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase Glutathione 1 No Evidence
DT-diaphorase Glucuronide 1 No Evidence
Glucocorticoid receptor Menadione 1 Related 11311319
Glucocorticoid receptor Quinidine 1 No Evidence
Glucocorticoid receptor Tacrolimus 1 Related 9600660
Glutathione S-transferase Histamine 1 Related 10372823
Glutathione S-transferase Paclitaxel 1 Not Related 9849488
GSTM1 Vinyl chloride 1 Related 9838066
GSTP1 Cyclosporin A 1 Related 11108662
MRP Benzo(a)pyrene 1 No Evidence
MRP Ethoxyresorufin 1 No Evidence
MRP Naproxen 1 Related 9849488
MRP Propranolol 1 No Evidence
MRP Tamoxifen 1 No Evidence
N-Acetyltransferase Conjugates 1 No Evidence
N-Acetyltransferase Insulin 1 Related 7017937
N-Acetyltransferase Vinyl chloride 1 Not Related 1458774
NAT1 Phenacetin 1 Related 9761125
NAT2 Irinotecan 1 No Evidence
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Glutathione 1 No Evidence
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Naringenin 1 Not Related 11245597
Prothrombin p-Aminobenzoic acid 1 No Evidence
Stromelysin Dexamethasone 1 No Evidence
Sulfotransferase Benzo(a)pyrene 1 No Evidence
Sulfotransferase Oral contraceptives 1 Related 6934248
UGT1A1 Ethanol 1 Related 11091029
Uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyl transferase Glucuronide 1 Related 9054958
Vitamin D receptor Tamoxifen 1 No Evidence


Gene-Drug Home